Floating CBDC chip as a central element, surrounded by interconnected digital data blocks
#Cash Cycle #CBDC

4 themes shaping currency tech in 2026

Trend Update
6 Mins.

We look back at what most caught Spotlight’s eye across currency technology this past year, from tokenized currencies to instant payment systems, to the challenges of securing cash and its infrastructure around the world.

Cash remains hugely relevant worldwide

While the number of digital transactions rises, the value of banknotes in circulation – even in areas like the eurozone – has been rising. This points to a phenomenon that industry watchers have been noting for a while, namely that cash remains attractive, and is indeed being stockpiled by many people.

Among other reasons, cash is very much a universal payment method, understood and accepted across widely diverse demographics. Even the nominally illiterate can use cash, while its inclusive nature remains attractive to those the digital developments in payment may be leaving behind, for example the elderly and the underbanked. 

Further, cash is useful as a store of value, and is seen as a safety net in the case of a digital meltdown (as happened with the Iberian Peninsula blackout of 2025). Further, a well-designed banknote serves as a calling card of an entire nation, a physical reminder of those things you’re most proud of. Also, let’s not forget that it is easy to gift cash – as a tip, for instance, or as a greeting to a loved one. Nothing quite signals appreciation like a crisp banknote – or two – in your hand! 

For these reasons, and many others besides, we can expect cash to remain a part of a household’s financial requirements and planning for years to come. Stakeholders in the cash cycle should be planning accordingly.

Keeping cash secure requires constant effort and R&D

A well-designed banknote is that most pleasing of paradoxes: a mass product that is conceived and manufactured to the highest aesthetic and security standards. Protecting that beautiful and incredibly important object against counterfeiting requires strenuous work and ongoing innovation. All those banknotes must adhere to certain parameters: 

  • They must all look exactly the same
  • They must be secure, with forgery-proof features
  • They represent a nation and its history, so they must look good and be accurate in their depiction of those national symbols
  • They must be easy to use 

Simplicity is essential, as is trust in the currency. That is a hard-won commodity, and it can be easy to lose if bad actors gain the upper hand. Confidence in a currency is the basis of a functional cash cycle. However, gaining and keeping that confidence takes a lot of effort and innovation. Staying ahead of bad actors such as counterfeiters is a full-time job. 

Having the right culture in place powers the innovation that underpins that confidence. Further, advances in a particular technology can open up use cases in other places, if the right mindset is in play. As an example, Papierfabrik Louisenthal (a unit of G+D) embeds fluorescent fibers into the cotton substrate used in banknotes, along with an optical security thread, to provide security measures. Replacing the fluorescent fibers with carbon fibers, and the optical thread with a copper thread, means the material now contains conductive materials, which can be heated on the application of voltage. Developed in-house to combat counterfeiting, these technologies are now being used to provide light and heat. This happens precisely because people are emboldened to innovate, and to find solutions in unexpected places.

AI-generated image of businessman on a platform with the central bank digital currency dashboard.

Flexible thinking secures global cash cycle

Intelligent currency management is key to a healthy and resilient cash cycle and its infrastructure, one that billions of people rely on every day. Globally, cash infrastructure must be protected across different pillars: physical security, digital security, personal security, and process security. hey must be viewed together, in a holistic fashion, tailored to the specific needs of a customer.

The right solution strikes a balance between being as efficient as possible, and as secure as necessary. Security has to be part of the solution’s design from the very start. This was perfectly illustrated in the successful opening of a state-of-the-art cash center called Casa do Kwanza in Angola’s capital, Luanda.

The tokenized monetary system continues to evolve

From central bank digital currencies to stablecoin to tokenized bank deposits, the global financial system is seeing something of a transformation.

Green holographic strips with maritime symbols and the number 25 on transparent film roll.

For central banks, this poses both strategic challenges and plentiful opportunities, as they navigate the shift toward a global, tokenized financial ecosystem. CBDC, as a tokenized public money, is foundational to such a system, as it acts as a risk-free reference asset. Further, wholesale CBDC can be positioned as the critical infrastructure layer that underpins the whole ecosystem.

Commercial banks can face this transformation in a similarly strategic fashion. They can either be reactive, watching nimbler fintechs and other challengers drive change, or proactively embrace tokenized financial ecosystems with an innovation-led approach.

Banks have historically been quick to adopt pioneering products such as payment cards or online banking. The same approach can help them leverage the advantages of digital currencies and introduce new use cases to customers. 

The advantages accrue to everyone. For commercial banks, integrating retail CBDCs into existing banking apps and platforms allows them to streamline customer access to digital cash. For consumers, they offer faster, more secure payments at point-of-sale terminals, online checkouts, and within apps. Banks themselves can unlock more advanced digital commercial capabilities: among other instances, by enabling automated and programmable payments and settlements for machine-to-machine and IoT-related transactions. 

Key takeaways

  • Bad actors use evolving tech to target cash globally: combating them is an ongoing R&D-led process that requires buy-in and constant innovation.
  • Flexible and holistic thinking is essential to securing global cash infrastructure.
  • Central and commercial banks should be leaning into the tokenized monetary architecture that the convergence of CBDC, stablecoins, and tokenized deposits is creating.

Published: 03/03/2026

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